@article {Shukla:2007:1365-182X:285,
	author = "Shukla, P.J.",
	author = "Barreto, S.G.",
	author = "Gupta, P.",
	author = "Neve, R.",
	author = "Ramadwar, M.",
	author = "Deodhar, K.",
	author = "Mehta, S.",
	author = "Shrikhande, S.V.",
	author = "Mohandas, K.M.",
	title = "Is there a role for estrogen and progesterone receptors in gall bladder cancer?",
	journal = "HPB: official journal of the International Hepato Pancreat Biliary Association",
	volume = "9",
	year = "2007",
	abstract = "Background/Aims. The concept of metaplastic and non-metaplastic types of gall bladder cancer and the likelihood of hormone receptor expression in the nuclei of tumour cells raised the possibility of a potential role for anti-estrogen therapy in gall bladder cancer. This study was carried out to determine the hormone receptors (ER/PR) expression level in gall bladder cancer using specific immunohistochemical assays and correlate it with patient and tumour histopathological characteristics. Patients and methods. Histopathological tumour specimens of 62 patients who underwent a radical cholecystectomy were analysed. Pronase pretreatment and primary monoclonal antibodies were used to perform immunohistochemical analysis for ER and PR. Results. The histology was adenocarcinoma - predominantly, moderately to poorly differentiated (91%). Gallstones were present in 90% of the individuals. Of the 62 specimens analysed, 62 (100%) and 61 (98%) were negative for ER and PR, respectively. Conclusion. The high incidence of gallstone-related gall bladder cancer in India is associated with metaplasia and a tendency to poorer differentiation in the tumour histology. These tumours are consequently less likely to express hormone receptors. Thus, there does not seem to be a role for anti-hormone therapy in patients with histogenesis similar to that seen in India.",
	pages = "285-288(4)",
	url = "http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/tandf/hpb/2007/00000009/00000004/art00008"
	doi = "doi:10.1080/13651820701481489"
}