@article {Stroebe:1 April 1999:0748-1187:197,
	author = "Stroebe M.",
	author = "Schut H.",
	title = "THE DUAL PROCESS MODEL OF COPING WITH BEREAVEMENT: RATIONALE AND DESCRIPTION",
	journal = "Death Studies",
	volume = "23",
	year = "1 April 1999",
	abstract = "There are shortcomings in traditional theorizing about effective ways of coping with bereavement, most notably , with respect to the so - called "grief work hypothesis . " Criticisms include imprecise definition , failure to represent dynamic processing that is characteristic of grieving , lack of empirical evidence and validation across cultures and historical periods , and a limited focus on intrapersonal processes and on health outcomes . Therefore , a revised model of coping with bereavement , the dual process model , is proposed . This model identifies two types of stressors , loss - and restoration - oriented , and a dynamic , regulatory coping process of oscillation , whereby the grieving individual at times confronts , at other times avoids , the different tasks of grieving . This model proposes that adaptive coping is composed of confrontation avoidance of loss and restoration stressors . It also argues the need for dosage of grieving , that is , the need to take respite from dealing with either of these stressors , as an integral part of adaptive coping . Empirical research to support this conceptualization is discussed , and the model's relevance to the examination of complicated grief , analysis of subgroup phenomena , as well as interpersonal coping processes , is described.",
	pages = "197-224(28)",
	url = "http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/routledg/udst/1999/00000023/00000003/art00001"
}