@article {Horng:August 2007:0001-5172:862,
	author = "Horng,",
	author = "Wong,",
	author = "Hsiao,",
	author = "Huh,",
	author = "Kuo,",
	author = "Cherng,",
	author = "Wu,",
	title = "Pre-medication with intravenous clonidine suppresses fentanyl-induced cough",
	journal = "Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica",
	volume = "51",
	year = "August 2007",
	abstract = "Background:&#8194; <P></P>A reflex cough is often observed after an intravenous bolus of fentanyl. This study was conducted to determine whether pre-treatment with intravenous clonidine could effectively attenuate fentanyl-induced cough. Methods:&#8194; <P></P>Three hundred ASA I-II patients, aged between 18 and 80 years, undergoing various elective surgeries, were enrolled in this study. All patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups treated with intravenous clonidine 2 &#956;g/kg (clonidine group) or the same volume of normal saline (control group). Intravenous fentanyl (2 &#956;g/kg in 2 s) was injected 2 min after the clonidine or normal saline injection. Changes in the hemodynamics, auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) and Observer Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (OAA/S) rating scale were recorded before and 2 min after the clonidine or normal saline injection and 1 min after the fentanyl injection. The number of coughs 1 min after the fentanyl injection was also recorded. Results:&#8194; <P></P>Patients in the clonidine group showed a significantly lower incidence of cough than those in the control group (17.3% vs. 38.7%, respectively; <I>P </I>&#60; 0.01). The blood pressure was lower in the clonidine group than in the control group. There were no significant differences in AEP or OAA/S rating scale. Conclusions:&#8194; <P></P>Pre-treatment with intravenous clonidine (2 &#956;g/kg) suppressed the reflex cough induced by fentanyl, with mild hemodynamic changes. Therefore, intravenous clonidine may be a clinically useful method of suppressing fentanyl-induced cough.",
	pages = "862-865(4)",
	url = "http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/mksg/aas/2007/00000051/00000007/art00010"
	doi = "doi:10.1111/j.1399-6576.2007.01335.x"
}