Aprendizaje y arte reflexivo. Cuestiones sobre la contextualización y descontextualización actual del enfoque vygotskiano

Learning and reflexive art. Issues on current contextualization and decontextualization of the Vygotskian approach

Authors: Benites, Maria; Fichtner, Bernd

Source: Cultura y Educación, Volume 16, Numbers 1-2, 1 March 2004 , pp. 93-105(13)

Publisher: Fundación Infancia y Aprendizaje

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Abstract:

Tras una introducción teórica apoyada entre otros en Humboldt, Vygotski y Guattari y a través del análisis de ciertas obras de arte (Bellissima de Visconti, algunas de las figuras perceptivas paradójicas de Falk Seeger, el Monte Saint Victoire de Cezanne. El castillo de Kafka y Las Meninas de Velázquez) los autores analizan la auto-referencialidad y la reflexividad del arte y sostienen que el objetivo del arte no es la didáctica, la pedagogía o la optimización técnica, sino que su finalidad es abrir espacios para el aprendizaje reflexivo, para pensar la realidad de nuevas maneras o nuevas realidades

Los autores proponen concebir las obras de arte como metáforas que construyen el mundo de cierta manera. Analizando las metáforas con que los adolescentes construyen y dan sentido a su realidad y haciendo que éstos las plasmen visualmente y se hagan así conscientes de ellas, los alumnos realizan "arte moderno" que se concibe y convierte así en un medio para comprender el mundo y comprenderse a sí mismos.

After a theoretical introduction that include Humboldt, Vygotsky, and Guttari, among others, and through the analysis of various works of art (e.g., Visconti's Bellissima, some of Falk Seeger's paradoxical perceptive figures, Cezanne's Mont Saint Victoire, Kafka's Castle, and Velázquez's Las Meninas), the authors analyse art's self-referentiality and reflexivity. They maintain that the aim of art is not its didactics, education or technical optimisation, its purpose is to open spaces so that reflexive learning can take place, in order to view reality in new ways or to view new realities.

The authors propose that works of art are conceived as metaphors through which the world is constructed in a certain way. By analysing metaphors that adolescents use to construct and give meaning to their reality, and making them visually represent these metaphors, they thus become aware of them. Students create "modern art" that is conceived and becomes a tool to understand the world and to understand themselves.

Keywords: ARTE MODERNO; APRENDIZAJE; APRENDIZAJE REFLEXIVO; REFERENCIALIDAD; VYGOSTKI; HUMBOLDT; GUATTARI; MODERN ART; LEARNING; REFLEXIVE LEARNING; REFERENCIALITY; VYGOSTKY; HUMBOLDT; GUATTARI

Document Type: Research article

DOI: 10.1174/1135640041752812

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