@article {CHIEN:November 2006:1323-7799:715,
	author = "CHIEN, Jung-Yien",
	author = "HSUEH, Po-Ren",
	author = "CHENG, Wern-Cherng",
	author = "YU, Chong-Jen",
	author = "YANG, Pan-Chyr",
	title = "Temporal changes in cytokinechemokine profiles and pulmonary involvement in severe acute respiratory syndrome",
	journal = "Respirology",
	volume = "11",
	year = "November 2006",
	abstract = "<B>Temporal changes in cytokine&#47;chemokine profiles and pulmonary involvement in severe acute respiratory syndrome</B><P></P>CHIEN J-Y, HSUEH P-R, CHENG W-C, YU C-J, YANG P-C. <I>Respirology</I> 2006; <B>11</B>: 715-722 Objective and background:&#8195; <P></P>Pathological changes in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) suggest that SARS sequelae are associated with dysregulation of cytokine and chemokine production. To improve understanding of the immuno-pathological processes involved in lung injury associated with SARS, the temporal changes in cytokine&#47;chemokine profiles in the sera of SARS patients were compared with those of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), according to the degree of lung involvement. Methods:&#8195; <P></P>Serum levels of 11 cytokines and chemokines, in 14 patients with SARS and 24 patients with CAP, were serially checked using a bead-based multiassay system. Sera from 12 healthy subjects were used as normal controls. Results:&#8195; <P></P>The serum levels of interferon-&#947;-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), IL-2 and IL-6 were significantly elevated during SARS infection. In patients with CAP, but not in those with SARS, the levels of interferon-&#947;, IL-10, IL-8 and monokine induced by interferon-&#947; (MIG) were significantly elevated compared with the levels in healthy controls. Among the chemokines&#47;cytokines, IL-6 levels correlated most strongly with radiographic scores (<I>r</I>&#8201;&#61;&#8201;0.62). The elevation of IP-10 and IL-2 antedated the development of chest involvement and reached peak levels earlier than the radiographic scores. In contrast, the dynamic changes in IL-6, C-reactive protein and neutrophils occurred synchronously with the changes in radiographic scores. The mean ratio of IL-6 to IL-10 in SARS patients (4.84; range 0.41-21) was significantly higher than that in CAP patients (2.95; range 0.02-10.57) (<I>P</I>&#8201;&#61;&#8201;0.04). Conclusions:&#8195; <P></P>The early induction of IP-10 and IL-2, as well as the subsequent over-production of IL-6 and lack of IL-10 production, probably contribute to the main immuno-pathological processes involved in lung injury in SARS. These changes in cytokine&#47;chemokine profile are remarkably different from those observed in CAP patients.",
	pages = "715-722(8)",
	url = "http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/res/2006/00000011/00000006/art00009"
	doi = "doi:10.1111/j.1440-1843.2006.00942.x"
}