IngentaConnect Th1/Th2 cytokine responses following HIV-1 immunization in serone...

Authors: Evans¹; Fitzgerald¹; Gibbons¹; Keefer¹; Soucier¹

Source: Clinical & Experimental Immunology, Volume 111, Number 2, February 1998 , pp. 243-250(8)

Abstract:

The Th1/Th2 profile that follows human vaccination may profoundly influence the subsequent course of disease after infection. However, the ability to detect IL-4 has been limited outside trials of live vaccination. By using methods in which memory effector cells are allowed to antigenically expand by short term culture, followed by low-dose mitogenic stimulation, we have been able to follow the Th1/Th2 profile in HIV-1⁻volunteers enrolled in two phase I studies of HIV immunogens (a recombinant gp120 and a multivalent, octomeric V3 loop peptide). Antigen-specific interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) could be detected in primary stimulation, but IL-4 was observed only after antigenic expansion and restimulation. In both of these studies the responses after initial immunizations were dominated by IFN-γ, with IL-4 appearing only after multiple rounds of immunization, and IL-4 was temporally related to antibody production. Concomitant with the IL-4 production, the amount of supernatant IFN-γ declined. Antigen-specific IL-10 was not detected in either study. Such techniques, which have been shown to correlate with outcomes in immunotherapy, may prove useful as future surrogates of human vaccine response.

Keywords: HIV-1; immunization; cytokines; Th1/Th2

Document Type: Original article

DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1998.00486.x

Affiliations: 1: Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA

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Th1/Th2 cytokine responses following HIV-1 immunization in seronegative volunteers