Previous induced abortions and the risk of very preterm delivery: results of the EPIPAGE study

Authors: Moreau, Caroline¹; Kaminski, Monique¹; Ancel, Pierre Yves¹; Bouyer, Jean²; Escande, Benoît³; Thiriez, Gérard⁴; Boulot, Pierre⁵; Fresson, Jeanne⁶; Arnaud, Catherine⁷; Subtil, Damien⁸; Marpeau, Loic⁹; Rozé, Jean-Christophe¹⁰; Maillard, Françoise¹; Larroque, Béatrice¹

Source: BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Volume 112, Number 4, April 2005 , pp. 430-437(8)

Publisher: Blackwell Publishing

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Abstract:

Objectives

To evaluate the risk of very preterm birth (22–32 weeks of gestation) associated with previous induced abortion according to the complications leading to very preterm delivery in singletons. Design

Multicentre, case-control study (the French EPIPAGE study). Setting

Regionally defined population of births in France. Sample

The sample consisted of 1943 very preterm live-born singletons (<33 weeks of gestation), 276 moderate preterm live-born singletons (33–34 weeks) and 618 unmatched full-term controls (39–40 weeks). Methods

Data from the EPIPAGE study were analysed using polytomous logistic regression models to control for social and demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits during pregnancy and obstetric history. The main mechanisms of preterm delivery were classified as gestational hypertension, antepartum haemorrhage, fetal growth restriction, premature rupture of membranes, idiopathic preterm labor and other causes. Main outcome measures

Odds ratios for very preterm birth by gestational age and by pregnancy complications leading to preterm delivery associated with a history of induced abortion. Results

Women with a history of induced abortion were at higher risk of very preterm delivery than those with no such history (OR + 1.5, 95% CI 1.1–2.0); the risk was even higher for extremely preterm deliveries (<28 weeks). The association between previous induced abortion and very preterm delivery varied according to the main complications leading to very preterm delivery. A history of induced abortion was associated with an increased risk of premature rupture of the membranes, antepartum haemorrhage (not in association with hypertension) and idiopathic spontaneous preterm labour that occur at very small gestational ages (<28 weeks). Conversely, no association was found between induced abortion and very preterm delivery due to hypertension. Conclusion

Previous induced abortion was associated with an increased risk of very preterm delivery. The strength of the association increased with decreasing gestational age.

Document Type: Research article

DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00478.x

Affiliations: 1: Epidemiological Research Unit on Perinatal and Women's Health, INSERM U149, Villejuif, France 2: Department of Public Health–Epidemiology–Human Reproduction, INSERM-INED U569/IFR 69, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France 3: Department of Neonatology, Hautepierre Hospital, Strasbourg, France 4: Department of Neonatology, St Jacques Hospital, Besançon, France 5: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, Montpellier, France 6: Regional Maternity Hospital, Nancy, France 7: Epidemiology and Public Health Analysis, INSERM U558, Toulouse, France 8: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, Lille, France 9: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Rouen, France 10: Department of Neonatology, Maternal and Paediatric Hospital, Nantes, France

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