Mapping of the bovine genes of the de novo AMP synthesis pathway
Authors: Bønsdorff, T.1; Gautier, M.2; Farstad, W.3; Rønningen, K.1; Lingaas, F.1; Olsaker, I.1
Source: Animal Genetics, Volume 35, Number 6, December 2004 , pp. 438-444(7)
Publisher: Blackwell Publishing
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Abstract:
Summary The purine nucleotides adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and guanosine monophosphate (GMP) are critical for energy metabolism, cell signalling and cell reproduction. Despite their essential function, little is known about the regulation and in vivo expression pattern of the genes involved in the de novo purine synthesis pathway. The complete coding region of the bovine phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase gene (PAICS), which catalyses steps 6 and 7 of the de novo purine biosynthesis pathway, as well as bovine genomic sequences of the six other genes in the pathway producing inosine monophosphate (IMP) and AMP [phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (PPAT), phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase (GART), phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase (PFAS), adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL), 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase (ATIC) and adenylosuccinate synthase (ADSS)], were identified. The genes were mapped to segments of six different bovine chromosomes using a radiation hybrid (RH) cell panel. The gene PPAT, coding for the presumed rate-limiting enzyme of the purine de novo pathway was closely linked to PAICS on BTA6. These, and the other bovine locations i.e. GART at BTA1, PFAS at BTA19, ADSL at BTA5, ATIC at BTA2 and ADSS at BTA16, are in agreement with published comparative maps of cattle and man. PAICS and PPAT genes are known to be closely linked in human, rat and chicken. Previously, an expressed sequence fragment of PAICS (Bos taurus corpus luteum, BTCL9) was mapped to BTA13. By isolation and characterization of a BAC clone, we have now identified a PAICS processed pseudogene sequence (ψPAICS) on BTA13. Processed pseudogene sequences of PAICS and other genes of the purine biosynthesis pathway were identified in several mammalian species, indicating that the genes of this pathway have been susceptible to retrotransposition. The seven bovine genes are expressed at a higher level in testicular and ovary tissues compared with skeletal muscle.Keywords: 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide form; adenylosuccinate lyase; adenylosuccinate synthase; adenosine monophosphate; bovine; corpus luteum; de novo purine synthesis; epididymis; gene expression; inosine monophosphate; phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase; phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase; phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase; phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase; pseudogene; skeletal muscle; testis
Document Type: Research article
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2004.01201.x
Affiliations: 1: Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, PO Box 8146 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway 2: Laboratoire de Génétique biochimique et de Cytogénétique, Département de Génétique Animale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France 3: Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, PO Box 8146 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway
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