@article {Soczynska:June 2008:1354-3784:827,
	author = "Soczynska, Joanna K",
	author = "Kennedy, Sidney H",
	author = "Chow, Cindy SM",
	author = "Woldeyohannes, Hanna O",
	author = "Konarski, Jakub Z",
	author = "McIntyre, Roger S",
	title = "Acetyl-L-carnitine and -lipoic acid: possible neurotherapeutic agents for mood disorders?",
	journal = "Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs",
	volume = "17",
	year = "June 2008",
	abstract = "<I>Background</I>: Mood disorders are associated with decrements in cognitive function, which are insufficiently treated with contemporary pharmacotherapies. <I>Objectives</I>: To evaluate the putative neurotherapeutic effects of the mitochondrial cofactors, L-carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine, and &#945;-lipoic acid; and to provide a rationale for investigating their efficacy in the treatment of neurocognitive deficits associated with mood disorders. <I>Methods</I>: A PubMed search of English-language articles published between January 1966 and March 2007 was conducted using the search terms carnitine and lipoic acid. <I>Results</I>: L-carnitine and &#945;-lipoic acid may offer neurotherapeutic effects (e.g., neurocognitive enhancement) via disparate mechanisms including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic regulation. Preliminary controlled trials in depressed geriatric populations also suggest an antidepressant effect with acetyl-L-carnitine. <I>Conclusions</I>: L-carnitine and &#945;-lipoic acid are pleiotropic agents capable of offering neuroprotective and possibly cognitive-enhancing effects for neuropsychiatric disorders in which cognitive deficits are an integral feature.",
	pages = "827-843(17)",
	url = "http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/apl/eid/2008/00000017/00000006/art00001"
	doi = "doi:10.1517/13543784.17.6.827"
}